Operator responsibilities for work platforms and forklifts

What You Need to Know

Anyone who operates work platforms or forklifts bears responsibility – for themselves, others and the machine.Only trained and authorized persons may operate these devices. The most important duties includedaily visual and functional checks, observing theOperating instructionsand thecorrect use of PPEfor certain types of stages. Even seemingly minor omissions, such as missing inspection seals or inadequate barriers, can be relevant to liability.

Forklift drivers and platform operators must alsoActively identify, document and report hazards. Special rules apply to work baskets:only occasional use,Load capacity at least 5× the total loadandapproved GS/TÜV seal. Those who observe these principles not only fulfil theDGUV and TRBS specifications, but also ensures safe and efficient workflows – whether on the construction site, in the warehouse or in public spaces.

Anyone who operates aerial work platforms or forklifts bears responsibility – for themselves, others, and the machine. Only trained and authorized personnel may operate these devices. The most important responsibilities include daily visual and functional inspections , compliance with operating instructions , and the correct use of personal protective equipment (PPE) for specific types of platforms. Even seemingly minor omissions, such as missing inspection seals or inadequate barriers, can result in liability.

Forklift drivers and platform operators must also actively identify, document, and report hazards . Special rules apply to work baskets : only occasional use , a load capacity of at least 5 times the total load , and an approved GS/TÜV seal . Following these principles not only fulfills the DGUV and TRBS requirements , but also ensures safe and efficient workflows – whether on a construction site, in a warehouse, or in public spaces.

Operator responsibilities for work platforms

Before use

A daily visual and functional inspection is mandatory before commissioning. The operator is responsible for operational safety from the very first use – even with rental equipment. The following items must be checked: frame, boom, welds, hydraulics, hoses, electrical system, battery/tank, tires, outriggers, emergency stop, ground controls, locks, and operating elements. The inspection sticker or seal must also be observed.

The operating instructions must be site- and application-specific—not just a general document. A site inspection with a risk assessment is mandatory to accurately assess the subsurface, weather conditions, and surroundings.

The work diagram forms the basis for every movement. It should be clearly visible or printed out and carried with you. The permissible nominal load (personnel + tools + material) must not be exceeded.

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is mandatory for telescopic and truck-mounted platforms . For scissor lifts, the requirement depends on the height and operating environment – ​​below approximately 5 m, it is often not required, above 6 m, it is usually mandatory. If in doubt, consult the manufacturer. Harnesses and connecting elements must be checked for damage every workday. A helmet with a chin strap in accordance with EN 12492 is mandatory.

During the operation

The platform may only be operated on stable ground. Supports must be fully supported. Wind and weather conditions must be continuously monitored. If in doubt, leave it standing .

Pushing, pulling, or bracing the platform against structures is prohibited – the permissible manual force must not be exceeded. Work platforms are not assembly aids.

The danger zone beneath the stage must be cordoned off. Security guards or signalers are required in public areas.

Overhead lines: safety distances and 5-point inspection

A safety distance must always be maintained from electrical cables. The voltage is the determining factor:

The distances mentioned refer to the moving parts of the platform —such as the boom, work basket, or fork. They are guidelines only; in the case of high-voltage lines or any uncertainties, the grid operator must always be informed. Newer standards such as DIN EN 50341 may stipulate different values.

The 5-point test according to DGUV Information 203-005 includes:

1. Determine voltage
2. Determine safety distance
3. Check line of sight and distance on site
4. Evaluate the stage's range of motion
5. If in doubt, contact your network operator

After the deployment

After completing the work, the platform must be completely lowered, the key removed, and the device secured against unauthorized use. All defects must be reported and documented in writing.

Emergency stop and emergency lowering – clearly distinguish

• Emergency stop: interrupts power supply, stops all movements immediately.
• Emergency lowering: relieves hydraulics, lowers platform in a controlled manner.

The operator must be familiar with both functions. Rescue is carried out via emergency lowering , ground control (if available) , or a second platform of the same model or with documented equivalent type approval . From a working height of approximately 30 m, only internal rescue or fire department support is usually realistic.

General obligations

Operators are permitted only with an operator's ID card , written authorization , and annual training. Documents must be carried. Alcohol, drugs, and fatigue are prohibited.

The warranty obligation obligates the operator to actively prevent hazards and report defects. Daily inspections should be documented—especially when rented to third parties, as documentation and liability obligations apply here.

Operator responsibilities for forklifts

Before use

Forklift drivers must inspect their equipment daily and document the results. Visual and functional inspections are required by DGUV V 68 § 9. Test results must be retained for at least one year. A designated supervisor must review and approve the logs. This role can be performed by the shift manager, workshop supervisor , or a person designated on an authorization form . The authorization must be issued in writing .

The visual inspection includes: vehicle frame, tires, hydraulics, lift mast, chains, battery, and attachments. Functional inspection: lighting, horn, brakes, steering, mast and tilt functions, and restraint system.

During the operation

Forklifts must be operated with care. The permissible load capacity according to the load diagram must not be exceeded. The driver must actively check the load securing (VDI 2700) – do not rely blindly.

In restricted visibility conditions , reversing is mandatory ; if necessary, with a guide. The restraint system must be worn throughout the entire journey.

Work basket use

When using a work basket, special rules apply (DGUV Information 208-004):

• PPE mandatory for persons in the basket
• The forklift must not move with the basket raised – only minimal alignment is permitted
• Maximum lifting height usually 5–6 m
• Load capacity: The forklift must be able to carry at least five times the total weight (basket + person + load)
• Technical approval: Work baskets must have a valid GS or TÜV seal
• Frequency of use: Only permitted for occasional work – regular or daily work at height is not permitted
• Operator remains at the wheel; communication must be ensured

After the deployment

After the end of the shift: Apply the parking brake, remove the key, and secure the device. Report any defects in writing. Only technically sound devices may be continued to be operated.

General obligations

Forklift drivers require a valid forklift license and written authorization from the employer (Section 7 of the German Social Accident Insurance (DGUV) V 68). Annual safety training is mandatory, and semi-annually for young people. Alcohol, drugs, illness, or fatigue preclude employment.

Drivers are also subject to a duty of care : They must identify, prevent, and report hazards immediately. Violations can result in employment and criminal consequences.

Important differences between platform and forklift

Work platforms

• PPE is mandatory for telescopic and truck-mounted platforms; for scissor lifts, depending on the height and work schedule – if in doubt, ask the manufacturer
• Helmet with chin strap required (EN 12492)
• Overhead line distances according to voltage – inform network operators in case of uncertainty
• Cordon off danger area, signal for roadworks
• Guarantee obligation and liability even in the event of operating errors

Forklift

• Rear-axle steering requires adapted driving style
• Active testing of load securing (VDI 2700)
• Work basket use: Load capacity ≥ 5× total load, GS/TÜV seal required
• Only occasional work allowed, no regular operation
• Documentation obligation and supervisor in the company

Conclusion

Whether using a platform or a forklift, safety is achieved through systematic, routine work. Those who check, document, and pause daily act professionally. Training, attentiveness, and responsibility are the foundation for accident-free work at height and in the workplace.

About the author

Benjamin Biberger

Managing Director

Benjamin is the founder and managing director of BIBERGER Arbeitsbühnen & Forklifts.

He is responsible for thecommercial and administrative areasof the company and, together with his team, ensures theOptimization of operational processesand theoptimal customer supportin their projects.

Through his many years of experience in the areas of organization andProject managementIt provides a stable foundation – in its own daily business, in sustainableFurther development of processesas well as in theCollaboration with partners and customers.